Tare da shaharar guntu a cikin samar da simintin gyare-gyare, ana amfani da ƙarin abubuwan da ake amfani da su wajen samar da baƙin ƙarfe.Duk da haka, yawancin abokai na simintin gyare-gyare ba su fahimci aikace-aikacen nau'ikan carburizing daban-daban a cikin simintin ƙarfe daban-daban ba.Dangane da gogewar fiye da shekaru 10 a cikin jagorar aikace-aikacen farko na abokan cinikin simintin gyare-gyare, sashen fasaha na Yunai ya taƙaita abubuwan da ke shafar ƙimar yawan simintin simintin simintin simintin simintin gyare-gyaren abokai.

I. Haɗin ƙarfe na ruwa

The narkewa batu na carbon a cikin carburizer ne sosai high (3 727 ℃), wanda aka yafi narkar da a cikin ruwa baƙin ƙarfe ta hanyoyi biyu na narkewa da kuma yadawa.Solubility na carbon a cikin ruwa baƙin ƙarfe ne: Cmax=1.3+0.25T-0.3Si-0.33P-0.45S+0.028Mn, inda T ne zafin jiki na ruwa baƙin ƙarfe (℃).

1. Haɗin ƙarfe na ruwa.Ana iya gani daga ma'auni na sama cewa Si, S da P suna rage solubility na C da yawan sha na carburizer, yayin da Mn ya kasance akasin haka.Bayanan sun nuna cewa yawan sha na carburant ya ragu da kashi 1 ~ 2 da 3 ~ 4 kashi na kowane 0.1% karuwa na C da Si a cikin baƙin ƙarfe na ruwa.Ana iya ƙara yawan sha da kashi 2% ~ 3% don kowane karuwar 1% na Mn.Si yana da tasiri mafi girma, sannan Mn, C da S. Don haka, a cikin ainihin samarwa, ya kamata a ƙara C da farko kuma a ƙara Si daga baya.

2. Liquid baƙin ƙarfe zafin jiki.Ma'aunin zafin jiki na baƙin ƙarfe (C-Si-O) yana da tasiri mai girma akan ƙimar sha.Lokacin da zafin ƙarfe na baƙin ƙarfe ya fi zafin ma'auni, C yana amsawa da O gwargwado, kuma asarar C a cikin baƙin ƙarfe na ruwa yana ƙaruwa, ƙimar sha yana raguwa.Lokacin da yawan zafin jiki na baƙin ƙarfe ya yi ƙasa da ma'aunin zafin jiki, jikewar C yana raguwa, yawan yaduwar C yana raguwa, ƙimar sha yana raguwa.Lokacin da zafin ƙarfe na ruwa ya yi daidai da ma'aunin zafin jiki, ƙimar sha shine mafi girma.Ma'aunin zafin jiki na baƙin ƙarfe (C-Si-O) ya bambanta da bambancin C da Si.A cikin ainihin samarwa, nau'in carburant na alamar Yu Na galibi yana narkar da shi kuma yana yaduwa a cikin ƙarfe na ruwa da ke ƙasa da ma'aunin zafin jiki (1 150 ~ 1 370 ℃).

3. Yin motsawa na baƙin ƙarfe na ruwa yana taimakawa ga rushewa da yadawa na C, kuma yana rage yiwuwar konewa na carburizing wakili yana iyo a saman ƙarfe na ruwa.Kafin a narkar da wakili na carburizing gaba ɗaya, tsawon lokacin motsawa, mafi girman yawan sha, amma motsawa yana da tasiri mai yawa akan rayuwar rufi, amma kuma yana kara asarar C a cikin baƙin ƙarfe na ruwa.Lokacin da ya dace ya kamata ya zama ɗan gajeren lokaci bayan tabbatar da cewa an narkar da carburizer gaba ɗaya.

4. Slag scraping idan ya zama dole don ƙara carburizing wakili bayan liquefaction na baƙin ƙarfe, da tanderun scum dole ne a tsabtace har zuwa yiwu don hana carburizing wakili nannade cikin slag.

Na biyu, carburizing wakili

1. Ƙirƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar Yunai carburizer.

Binciken ya nuna cewa tsarin carbon ne amorphous kuma maras kyau wanda aka mamaye tsakanin amorphous da graphite.A karkashin yanayi na al'ada, lokacin da zafin jiki ya kai 2500 ℃ kuma yana kula da wani lokaci, zai iya cika cikar graphitization.Carbon a babban zafin jiki ko kuma a cikin tsarin dumama na biyu, ba dutse ba ne

Matsayin graphite carbon canzawa zuwa carbon mai hoto ana kiransa matakin graphitization carbon, wanda kuma shine ɗayan abubuwan gwaji na microanalysis na carbon.Dangane da ka'idar tsarin graphite crystal, ana iya ganin cewa tsarin graphite wani Layer jirgin sama ne wanda ya ƙunshi hexagonal carbon atom jirgin sama cibiyar sadarwa, kuma yadudduka suna haɗe da juna ta hanyar van der Waals ƙarfi, don haka kafa wani lattice crystal tsarin mika har abada. a cikin shugabanci mai girma uku.Ana amfani da diffraction X-ray don auna ma'auni na sifar crystal hexagonal na yau da kullun bayan graphitization don gwada matakin graphitization.

Degree Graphitization wani muhimmin index of carburizing wakili.Babban digiri na graphitization ba zai iya ƙara yawan adadin iskar carbon ba kawai, amma kuma yana haɓaka ikon nucleation na ƙarfe na ruwa saboda tasirin homoheteronuclear na tsarin sa tare da graphite na ruwa na ƙarfe.Babban bambanci tsakanin graphitized carburizing wakili da wadanda ba graphitized carburizing wakili ne cewa graphitized carburizing wakili yana da carburizing sakamako da kuma wani inoculation sakamako.

2. Dangane da kaddarorin inji da halayen samfur na simintin gyare-gyare daban-daban, muna ba da wakili na musamman na carburizing don kowane nau'in simintin gyare-gyare ta hanyar sarrafa carbon da alamomin abubuwan ganowa daban-daban.

Kafaffen carbon da ash kafaffen carbon sune ingantattun abubuwan da ke tattare da wakili na carburizing, mafi girma mafi kyau;Toka wani karfe ne ko oxide wanda ba na karfe ba, najasa ne, ya kamata ya zama kadan kamar yadda zai yiwu.Adadin ƙayyadaddun carbon da ash a cikin wakili na carburizing sune mahimman bayanai guda biyu na wannan da cewa, babban abun ciki na ƙayyadaddun carbon a cikin wakili na carburizing, haɓakar haɓakawa kuma yana da girma.Carburizer tare da babban abun ciki na ash yana da sauƙi don "coke" kuma ya samar da Layer Layer, wanda ke ware ƙwayoyin carbon kuma ya sa su zama marasa narkewa, don haka rage yawan ƙwayar carbon.Babban abun ciki na toka kuma yana haifar da adadin baƙin ƙarfe na ruwa, yana ƙara yawan amfani da wutar lantarki, kuma yana ƙara yawan aiki a cikin aikin narkewa.Sarrafa abubuwan da aka gano kamar su sulfur da nitrogen kuma yana haɓaka ikon sarrafa ƙimar lahani.

3. Zaɓin granularity na wakili na carburizing.

The barbashi girman da carburizer ne karami da ke dubawa yankin na ruwa baƙin ƙarfe lamba ne babba, da sha kudi zai zama high, amma lafiya barbashi da sauki da za a oxidized, amma kuma sauki za a dauke da convection iska ko kura. kwarara;Matsakaicin girman barbashi yakamata ya zama cikakke mai narkewa a cikin ƙarfe na ruwa yayin lokacin aiki.Idan an ƙara wakili na carburizing tare da cajin, girman barbashi na iya zama mafi girma, ana bada shawarar zama a cikin 0.2 ~ 9.5mm;Idan an ƙara shi a cikin ƙarfe na ruwa ko kafin zana baƙin ƙarfe a matsayin daidaitawa mai kyau, girman ƙwayar zai iya zama 0.60 ~ 4.75mm;Idan carburizing a cikin kunshin da kuma amfani da matsayin pretreatment, da barbashi size ne 0.20 ~ 0.85mm;Kada a yi amfani da barbashi ƙasa da 0.2mm.Girman barbashi kuma yana da alaƙa da diamita na tanderun, diamita na tanderun yana da girma, girman barbashi na carburizer ya kamata ya fi girma, kuma akasin haka.

4. Sarrafa super pass index na Yunai iri carburizer.

Yu Nai alama carburant yana da wani super ƙarfi wuce, da takamaiman surface yankin na carbon barbashi ne babba, akwai ya fi girma surface infiltration a cikin ruwa baƙin ƙarfe, hanzarta rushewa da yadawa, na iya inganta sha kudi na carburant.